Storage can be broadly classified into the following. We should know how to distinguish between these categories. Database: SQL—Has relational characteristics such as tables and relationships between tables, including primary keys and foreign keys. SQL must have ACID properties. NoSQL—A database that does not have all SQL properties. Column-oriented—Organizes data [...]
A system has functional and non-functional requirements. Functional requirements describe the inputs and outputs of the system. Non-functional requirements refer to requirements other than the system inputs and outputs. Typical non-functional requirements include the following Scalability—The ability of a system to adjust its hardware resource usage easily and with little fuss to [...]
First of all, let’s start from the definition of each method: push_back: Adds a new element at the end of the container, after its current last element. The content of val is copied (or moved) to the new element. This effectively increases the container size by one, which causes an [...]
Bottom–up and top–down are both strategies of information processing and ordering knowledge, used in a variety of fields including software. Top down and bottom up are two different ways of solving the same problems. In the top-down approach, a algorithm is broken down into smaller sub problems. These sub problems are then further broken down into [...]
A CSV (comma-separated values) file is a text file that has a specific format which allows data to be saved in a table structured format. It uses a comma to separate values. Each line of the file is a data record. Each record consists of one or more fields, separated [...]
explicit keyword in C++ tell the compiler that a certain constructor may not be used to implicitly cast an expression to its class type. It is an optional decoration for constructors that take exactly one argument. It only applies to single-argument constructors since those are the only constructors that can [...]
C/C++ and Java are popular programming languages. The Java Native Interface (JNI) is a standard to integrate in a portable way C++ and Java code. JNI works both way i.e. C++ implementation can be called from JAVA and vice versa. This post discussed about calling C/C++ implementation from JAVA. native [...]
A DataFrame is a data structure used to store tabular data available in Python's pandas package. It is one of the most important data structures for algorithms and is used to process traditional structured data. It is similar to Excel spreadsheets. Pandas DataFrames are data structures that contain: Data organized [...]
subprocess module in Python allows you to spawn new processes, connect to their input/output/error pipes, and obtain their return codes. This module can used for launching a script and/or executable from another python script. Below script count for 10 and then exit with status success. We will use this script [...]
Wildcard characters are used to define the pattern for searching or matching text on string data in the bash shell. It is also used to create regular expressions. They are the special characters used as part of glob patterns. To use such a wildcard successfully, it must be outside of [...]